Vaccine-Derived Polioviruses
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Gaps in our knowledge about transmission of vaccine-derived polioviruses.
It has long been known that oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) viruses are transmissible ¿to some degree¿ between vaccinated individuals and their contacts. This property has generally been considered an advantage of these vaccines, since it can spread immunity, despite the fact that the viruses sometimes revert to virulence and hence can also cause vaccine-attributable paralytic poliomyelitis in v...
متن کاملUpdate on Vaccine-Derived Polioviruses — Worldwide, July 2012–December 2013
In 1988, the World Health Assembly resolved to eradicate poliomyelitis worldwide. One of the main tools used in polio eradication efforts has been live, attenuated oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV), an inexpensive vaccine easily administered by trained volunteers. OPV might require several doses to induce immunity, but then it provides long-term protection against paralytic disease through durable ...
متن کاملDetection of imported wild polioviruses and of vaccine-derived polioviruses by environmental surveillance in Egypt.
Systematic environmental surveillance for poliovirus circulation has been conducted in Egypt since 2000. The surveillance has revealed three independent importations of wild-type poliovirus. In addition, several vaccine-derived polioviruses have been detected in various locations in Egypt. In addition to acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance, environmental surveillance can be used to monit...
متن کاملReemergence of Recombinant Vaccine–derived Polioviruses in Healthy Children, Madagascar
To the Editor: Poliomyelitis outbreaks caused by pathogenic vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPVs) are primarily a result of low polio vaccine coverage. Low coverage enables interhuman circulation of polioviruses (PVs) from the oral polio vaccine (OPV), and it enables genetic drift of the viruses and their subsequent reversion to neurovirulent phenotypes (1). Polio outbreaks associated with type ...
متن کاملNeurovirulent Vaccine-Derived Polioviruses in Sewage from Highly Immune Populations
BACKGROUND Vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPVs) have caused poliomyelitis outbreaks in communities with sub-optimal vaccination. Israeli environmental surveillance of sewage from populations with high (>95%) documented vaccine coverage of confirmed efficacy identified two separate evolutionary clusters of VDPVs: Group 1 (1998-2005, one system, population 1.6x10(6)) and Group 2 (2006, 2 systems,...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Infectious Diseases
سال: 2014
ISSN: 0022-1899,1537-6613
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiu295